Issue in Contemporary Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Issue in Contemporary Management - Essay Example Trait refers to recurring regularities or trends in a person behavior and the trait theory asserts that people behave in a certain way because of the strengths of their traits. The literature contains tons of information regarding trait approach however we will focus on the common grounds deduced by those researches. The Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality has been endorsed by almost all the researchers who were focused towards trait approach (Hughes, Ginnett & Curphy, 2002). The FFM model was first identified by Webb in 1915 but over the period of time many of the researchers using diverse samples have supported these five dimensions of the personality. We will be briefly discussing those five dimensions in the next section. The five dimensions of personality comprise of; Surgency, Agreeableness, Dependability, Adjustment and Openness. Surgency refers to a person’s need for power and his ability to dominate other people. Generally, this factor is evident in those people who are self-confident, competitive and decisive. The second dimension is concerned with Agreeableness which implies that a leader builds a close rapport and creates a sense of harmony with others. Leaders who are high in agreeableness tend to be more empathetic, friendly and optimistic. Dependability is relevant to those behavioral aspects of a leader which are concerned with one’s approach to work. A highly dependable individual would show unwavering commitment towards his work. He will always invest in diligent efforts towards his work and people are highly dependable on him. The dimension of Adjustment is concerned with how people adapt towards different situations and how they react to pressure, failure, and personal c riticism. Leaders who are high in adjustment tend to be more calm and tolerant towards handling stressful situations. Openness refers to how one feels in countering new situation and experiences. Leaders who possess higher openness

HSBC Bank Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

HSBC Bank - Research Paper Example d.). The HSBC holdings are one of the largest banking and financial services organizations in the world. HSBC holdings were established in Honk Kong in 1990 as a parent company to the HSBC and were incorporated as a public limited company in England and Wales in the same year 1990. The bank has its new headquarters at London after 1993. Formerly, that is until 1992 Honk Kong served as its headquarters. The reason was the takeover conditions for the acquisition of Midland Bank that forced the HSBC to move its headquarters from Honk Kong to London in 1993 (Cavallo, 2001). The bank's international network consists of around 8500 offices in 86 countries and territories with assets worth around US$ 2,527; 210,000 shareholders, 331,458 employees and 128 million customers worldwide. In the UK the number of HSBC was more that is, 1600 branches than that of UAE HSBC Bank that had only 8 branches and around 110 ATM machines. The Forbes magazine in April 2, 2008 recognized HSBC, as the fourth large st bank in the world in terms of assets ($2,348.98 billion); the second largest in terms of sales ($146.50 billion), the largest in terms of market value ($180.81 billion). ... d.). The factor that helped the HSBC to reach this position is its high loan-deposit ratio of 90% that claim to have more deposits than loans. Such a high loan-deposit ratio facilitated the bank to build and retain the trust among its investors and customers and also keeping these users assured with the financial strengths of the banks. Thus the sound financial position of the bank helped the bank to maintain stock at relatively high price even during the times of credit crunch phase, which could not been seen in other banks. The present study focuses on the aspects of financial and banking performance of HSBC bank. The study is carried out to achieve mainly three objectives, which are: To measure how well the HSBC banks are performing in compared to other banks; What are the necessary steps that have been taken by the HSBC banks to improve their overall performance and; Finally to provide sufficient important information to its investors (Hunter, 1990) Literature Review The analysis of financial performance has always been a subject of interest to scholars and academicians. The banking performance in particular invites the attention of bankers as well to evaluate how successfully their operations are being conducted and the interest of various stakeholders are protected. There have been many measures and indexes to evaluate the performance of a bank. These include broadly economic and non-economic measures. For instance, Rovell (1980) remarks banking performance can be best evaluated by interest rate margin over different periods of time. Interest income here is defined as the difference between the interest income and dividend expenses and the

Hewlett-Packard, Inc Essay Example for Free

Hewlett-Packard, Inc Essay Hewlett-Packard, Inc. has been one of the leading IT Company competing with DELL. Throughout the company history, Hewlett-Packard’s top management team has always sought to ensure that the company stays ahead of its competitors. Though this has been the case, strategic decisions made by the company’s past and present CEOs, especially, Carleton S. Fiorina and Mark V. Hurd may differ as much as they may be similar in some ways. During Carleton S. Fiorina’s tenure, the main focus was on the future and all strategic decisions and investments were made for future growth and stability. This kind of investment was at the expense of any decisions that would ensure growth at the time. Fiorina was the HP CEO from 1999 to 2005 and during her tenure the main causes of loss of revenue and market share were due to the fact that she not only focuses on the future rather than current growth but she made investments that seemed costly to the company at the time but which she believed could bring greater revenue growth in the future. Great opposition from managers and some board members, coupled with the scandal on leaked company information saw the company image delve into the negative causing financial damage to the company. According to Evans-Correia (2005), â€Å"Broderick said HP still faces numerous problems. It continues to lose market share to Dell Inc. and its corporate-computing unit, which includes storage, software and server computers, has remained weak and unable to fend off competition from IBM and EMC Corp. â€Å"The company has good technologies, but their to-market strategy has not been effective. †Ã¢â‚¬  Though the merger with Compaq brought increased revenue growth in the future, at the moment the merger was given a go ahead and completed, HP encountered its share of losses that were a little higher than it may have predicted initially and announced publicly. The then CEO, Fiorina, was questioned about these losses and the apparent in-disclosure of these information to the public and board of directors. In his article, Intense Grilling Flusters Fiorina, one of the writers, Burt (2002) reported that â€Å"Just as he had done yesterday, Hewlett attorney Stephen Neal repeatedly grilled the chief executive about internal financial reports that predicted larger revenue losses for 2003 than HP projected in publicly issued statements. † Increasing counterfeit products could also be seen as one of the setbacks that cost HP its revenue, image as well as market share. While the merger with Compaq brought H-P an added competitive edge in the computer hardware manufacture, the acquisition of EDS, an HP Company will now see H-P attain a competitive edge in the IT Services sector. This means that both ventures are almost equally important to H-P in maintaining leadership in the IT industry. The Compaq merger/acquisition was aimed at gaining HP footing in the computer hardware industry while the acquisition of EDS was strategically targeted at giving the company the competitive edge in IT services and customer care. While HP was mainly focused on the sale of printers, expansion to the computer hardware would prove strategic at the time the merger with Compaq was initiated. The moment EDS came on board, expansion and enhancement of the HP outsourcing service delivery was realized. During ex-CEO Fiorina’s tenure, the main strategic choices that were made were aimed at cost cutting and investment in the future with new ventures. While Fiorina focused on new ventures and expansion of the business part of the company, Hurd focused on expansion, growth and retention of employees and enhancement of customer service and support. Fiorina was more focused on sales, high profits and numbers at all costs while Hurd focused on the company tradition of focusing on the employees as well as growth and expansion. While Fiorina went to on to cut jobs so as to cut on costs, Hurd took on a new stand by focusing mainly on all that could be done to maintain the best workers and staff retention as well as customer satisfaction. As stated by Hurd and Lesjak in the HP Annual Report (2008), â€Å"The addition of EDS further expands HP’s comprehensive, strategically assembled portfolio that provides unparalleled capabilities for delivering end-to-end solutions. More importantly, EDS adds a world-class, globally scaled services capability to HP’s established leadership in hardware and management software. † Since inception, the company has proven to be a greater competitor and leading in innovation and customer satisfaction.

The Genogram As An Assessment Tool Nursing Essay

The Genogram As An Assessment Tool Nursing Essay A Genogram is a resourceful clinical tool that is being used by family therapists and medical professions as an assessment tool to assist in identifying a patients important family information (Shellenberger, et al, 2007, 368). Adding a cultural layer to the genogram has assisted many medical physicians in understanding the reasons why some patients dont understand the medical diganosis and refuse medical treatment (372). The genogram that includes biological history and cultural history has been found to be a resourceful instrument that is becoming part of the clients medical records (368). The genogram can also be used to focus attention on the biopsychosocial context of the patients health and wellness concerns (368). To start a genogram, one begins with basic answers to questions taken in during the intake session at the patients first visit to the family physician or family therapist.   The therapist or practitioner would include important events, such as deaths, marriages, and divorces all deserve careful study (Nichols, 2010, 125). It would also include answers relating to the patients nuclear family such as who lives in the household (name, age, gender, occupation, and education), where the other members live, and what health related changes or problems have the family faced most recently (Shellenberger, et al, p. 369). Other significant information included in the genogram would be concerns regarding pregnancies, illnesses, hospitalizations, deaths, and even psychiatric problems such as depression, anxieties, and phobias (Nichols, 2010, 125). In addition, dates and relationships provide the framework to explore emotional boundaries, triangles, fusion and cutoffs between family members, and critical conflicts that occur among family members (125). The answers to these questions and questions relating to biological heredity will indicate whether there are common themes that show up through generations which would indicate possible cause to current medical or psychological concerns (125). Common themes like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension are just a few that tends to be hereditary. Genograms can find a link in a family history that indicate psychosocial problems (i.e. domestic violence, substance abuse, relationship difficulties) as well as cultural beliefs, values, attitudes and he alth practices (Shellenberger, et al, 369-370). After the patient assessment is complete the information can be transformed into an organizational family tree type drawing with symbols used to identify gender. For example, men are notated by squares and women by circles, with ages inputted inside the frame (Nichols, 2010, p. 124).   Horizontal lines indicate marriages, with the date of marriage written on the line and vertical lines connect parents and children (124). These are just a few basic symbols to get the genogram started.   (See attached diagram for further details of symbols used to expand the genogram.)   Theres no attachment. There are many uses of genograms in family therapy that have been found to be extremely successful. Therapists have reported that using the genogram as a tool for family members to express emotions by telling facts and not opinions can prevent unnecessary negative comments and frustration. The genogram can also be used to initiate a cooling down period after a heated family battle and can be a way that a therapist can connect with their client in order to lay the foundation for positive relationship (Schilson, Braun, and Hudson, 1993, 201). It has found to be a means through which a therapist can learn key words and ideas for later use when developing goals and direction with their clients. When a therapist looks into each family members personal concerns, values, wishes and fears they are better able to connect to the core issues causing conflict. The genogram can capture information about the family structure, major life events, repetitive illnesses and eventually the process can be therapeutic (201). These benefits all aim to assess, while it boosts patient morale by highlighting individual and family coping strengths.   The positive relationship that is established during the intake session supports the relationship between client and therapist by gaining the patients trust and connection with the health care staff (201-202).   Ã‚  Ã‚   When genograms were used as a training tool in preparing therapists and physicians for working in their field they became more effective in developing the client-practitioner relationship. (Aten, Madson and Kruse, 2008, 111-112).  Research on the effectiveness of genograms as a tool can teach family therapist and supervisors in training ways to assess their clients family relationships and history but it also helps gain self awareness and self reflection during their internship (111-112).       It has been shown that cultural issues can affect patients, families, and health providers perspective on the specific illness. It also discovered that cultural genograms were used to further develop training for postgraduate student and to develop their skill set in understanding cultural sensitivity which helped gain insight, sensitivity and awareness to cultural issues. This ongoing training influence the quality and outcome of the patient and family encounter (112).    Trainees are able to explore their own ethnic and cultural heritages and draw personal genogram depicting these origins (115).    Shellenberger, et al (2007), proved that when residents learn how to create their own individual cultural genogram enables them to understand their beliefs, values, attitudes and how general health practices differ from their own found the cultural genogram to be a continuous working document used throughout the sessions, collecting as much information on the intake interview and add to it on subsequent visits (380).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Similar to the traditional genogram, the cultural genogram provides information about where the family members are from, their health beliefs and behaviors, the gender roles within the household as well as culture and health resources (368).   They showed that the use of cultural genograms as teaching tools in medical practice proved to be beneficial when used in cultural sensitivity training.   It proved to be a creative, practical tool to assist clinicians in understanding the history of the client (380). Aten, Madson and Kruse (2008) found that an introduction to family functioning and cultural competence resulted in a deeper positive response from students to learn a structure approach to identify cultural information for use in a clinical setting (114).    Also indicated that when patient and provider do not share a common culture, communication can be challenging among the extend family.    Without this type of understanding and knowledge of the patients past can lead to misunderstanding of a patients culture and family. It can lead to the patients feeling disrespected or uncomfortable or receiving care that is inconsistent with important cultural practices (Shellenberger, et al, 2007 p.371).    Today the cultural diversity of the U.S. population, combined with the increasing cultural diversity of medicinal students and primary care residents, has created a critical need for approaches to cultural sensitivity training that are not tied to any single culture (380).    By building on this understanding, providers can then develop management plans that are more consistent with the patients worldview and more likely to be followed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Schilson, Braun, and Hudson (1993) have discussed many benefits of using the genogram as an effective tool in the medical field, it has not been implemented in most practices due to the extensive time it takes to gather the information.   The extensive family histories are found to be a time consuming task that some find impractical in a busy office practice (203). The family physicians who have successfully intergraded genograms into their practices acknowledge that the genogram does take more time to process and will increases the length of time during each visit; however they also claim that the extra time required is often spent building patient rapport (Shellenberger, et al, p.372). The rapport building provided useful family information that can be used to address a patients concerns during a particular office visits or at some future visit.   As a result therapists were able to use reflective listening to contribute to the healing process of the patient (372). The more intense understanding of the past and present experiences and responses contributed to a more supporting and effective treatment strategies (372). In conclusion, this research indicates that the family therapy and medical practitioner have found many useful ways of assessing families in which the families themselves can participate. The purpose of this research was to examine the implications of the benefits of the genogram. The assessment process and procedures described here depend upon mutual engagement and participation of both the therapist and client. The family therapy has been incorporated into several family-medicine training programs and proven to be successful. The other alternatives for physicians who prefer not to use the genogram often refer to the family therapist to continue to aid the physician by acting as a referral source for patients. It is likely that further qualitative and quantitative research will clarify how the two professionals can work together most efficiently to benefit the client.   Per Shellenberger, et al, (2007), clearly, as health care evolves into total life care, the family physician/family therapist association prom-ises to be a vital union, beneficial to care providers and the patients and clients they serve (380).

From a Dream to Reality Essay -- Teaching Education Essays

From a Dream to Reality When I decided to go back to school my objective was not only to increase my knowledge and receive a degree, but I decided that the only profession for me to pursue would be to earn a degree in teaching. Not because a business or computer degree would be out of my grasp, I can learn anything necessary to do a job, but because by earning a degree in teaching I would be able to fulfill a dream of mine that I had held since my own days in school. I want to be able to help children reach for the dreams in their lives. That is the reason that I have begun this program of study, to fulfill my life ambitions of becoming a teacher so that I can help inspire children to reach for their dreams that they are holding. Even though I’m starting college with this plan of being a teacher later than my colleges, I will be able to help them and my future students by sharing my life experiences that have occurred so far. I have always had a way with children, they seem to be comfortable around me and I like taking the time to listen and talk to them so that they are able to express what is on their mind. I believe that by being an available positive role model to them in their elementary school years I can make a difference in their life. Children are very special and I believe that it takes someone that is more interested in helping the child than in their job or the paycheck, to help make a child to succeed. The time I have had in life to observe people it has become apparent to me that if a child is not succeeding in school, there is a very good chance that as an adult, they will not succeed either. Though if that child has a positive role model in their life this may increase that child’s success rate. When that ch... ...e best role model for them. By being from a low-income family of seven children and being male I did not receive the encouragement that I needed to go to college. I was more or less told to graduate from high school and get a job. But I never let my dream die because I needed more out of life than a job. With this background I can show my students that they can achieve their goals. Obtaining or completing a degree in teaching is more than going to college and getting a degree. It is a profession that has a purpose, and that purpose is to help other people, and for me those people are children, to help them become whatever it is that they dream. To make this happen I will not only have teach them, but also to learn from them and help them learn from the world. By doing this I will become one of many excellent teachers who have helped me reach for my dream.

Neuromancer :: Short Stories China Japan Neurosurgery Essays

Neuromancer The sky above the port was the color of television, tuned to a dead channel. "It's not like I'm using," Case heard someone say, as he shouldered his way through the crowd around the door of the Chat. "It's like my body's developed this massive drug defi- ciency." It was a Sprawl voice and a Sprawl joke. The Chatsubo was a bar for professional expatriates; you could drink there for a week and never hear two words in Japanese. Ratz was tending bar, his prosthetic arm jerking monoto- nously as he filled a tray of glasses with draft Kirin. He saw Case and smiled, his teeth a web work of East European steel and brown decay. Case found a place at the bar, between the unlikely tan on one of Lonny Zone's whores and the crisp naval uniform of a tall African whose cheekbones were ridged with precise rows of tribal scars. "Wage was in here early, with two Joe boys," Ratz said, shoving a draft across the bar with his good hand. "Maybe some business with you, Case?" Case shrugged. The girl to his right giggled and nudged him. The bartender's smile widened. His ugliness was the stuff of legend. In an age of affordable beauty, there was something heraldic about his lack of it. The antique arm whined as he reached for another mug. It was a Russian military prosthesis, a seven-function force-feedback manipulator, cased in grubby pink plastic. "You are too much the artiste, Herr Case." Ratz grunted; the sound served him as laughter. He scratched his overhang of white-shirted belly with the pink claw. "You are the artiste of the slightly funny deal." "Sure," Case said, and sipped his beer. "Somebody's gotta be funny around here. Sure the fuck isn't you." The whore's giggle went up an octave. "Isn't you either, sister. So you vanish, okay? Zone, he's a close personal friend of mine." She looked Case in the eye and made the softest possible spitting sound, her lips barely moving. But she left. "Jesus," Case said, "what kind a creep joint you running here? Man can't have a drink." "Ha," Ratz said, swabbing the scarred wood with a rag, "Zone shows a percentage. You I let work here for entertain- ment value." As Case was picking up his beer, one of those strange instants of silence descended, as though a hundred unrelated conversations had simultaneously arrived at the same pause. Then the whore's giggle rang out, tinged with a certain hysteria. Ratz grunted. "An angel passed." "The Chinese," bellowed a drunken Australian, "Chinese bloody invented nerve-splicing. Give me the mainland for a nerve job any day. Fix you right, mate.

In the National Gallery

In the short story In the National Gallery by Doris Lessing we follow a narrator, which gender is unknown for the reader. The story line takes place in the National Gallery – therefore the name of the short story. The narrator’s intention in the gallery is to find a picture big enough to be able to sit in the middle of the room looking at it, which is succeeded. An old man joins the narrator on the bench together with a younger man, also with the intention of looking at the picture.The old man lectures the younger man about Stubbs’ picture which shows that the old man already familiar with the picture, â€Å"How much I would have liked to know as much as he did[†¦]†(p. 2 ll. 15-16) However it does not interest the younger one, and he walks away while looking, â€Å"†¦ a bit rueful, like a pupil chidden by a teacher†(p. 2 ll. 21-22). The narrator makes up a relation between the young and the elderly man, which is shown in the following quot e, â€Å"†¦ as if saying, â€Å"Oh, let’s kiss and make up†Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 2 ll. 29). It shows how the narrator makes up an abnormal relationship between the two of them.As if they are boyfriends. It is not abnormal if they are homosexuals but the abnormal thing about the assumable relationship is the big generation gap. Another example of a big generation gap in the short story is when a group of young French girls steps into the gallery. The narrator mentions how the girls’ entrance creates a contrast to the normality in the National Gallery. In the group there is a sort of leader â€Å"a package to be admired† (p. 3 line 41-42) as the narrator says. The narrator explains to the reader how the old man on the bench is gazing intensely on the leader of the girl group.Of course the reader is not 100% reliable in the things he/she observes, but the old man’s interest in the young girl is patent in a quote, which is when the old man addresses the na rrator, â€Å"†She’s like a girl I was in love with once. (p. 3 ll. 71). He tells the narrator about how the girl from the past walked out on him, and this arouses old, hidden feelings in the old man. Throughout Doris Lessing’s In the National Gallery the reader follows the progress in the short story through a 1st person narrator. He/she acts passively and is just observing throughout the whole short story.The narrator attaches importance to the relationship between the elderly and the young man and also especially the relationship between the elderly man and the young French girl. The only time the narrator acts actively in the short story is when he/she talks to the old man about his first love that the French girl looks like. Because of the 1st person narrator the short story does not necessarily correspond with what is happening in reality. The group of girls and the two men is characters we only hear about through the narrator. It means that what the narra tor tells the reader about the characters is not necessarily true.We experiences them as the narrator do. This is show by this quote, â€Å"In the space of a moment the scene had turned ugly. †(p. ll. 24), this is just the way the narrator experiences the situation, but she/he doesn’t know how the young man and the old man is used to talk with each other and does not now their body language. It is also shown how the narrator is quick to judge in the beginning when the two men are having a discussion. He/she only hears few parts of the conversation between the two, and yet there is an immediately judgment, that the relationship between them are student and teacher, â€Å"A son?A younger brother? Certainly a pupil [†¦] (p. 1 ll. 12). However some of the comments between the two of them, as earlier mentioned creates some a kind of love affair. A 1st person narrator can never be looked at as a trustworthy narrator. Doris Lessing maybe uses this kind of narrator to ma ke her points more indirect and discreet. The short story would have been told in a whole different way, if she had used a third person omniscient point of view. With a first person narrator the reader is forced to think about what the narrator tells us if we want to get a deeper meaning of what is being told.An example of this is in the end of the short story. The group of girls is leaving the National Gallery and the narrator assumes that the old man is following them, â€Å"Slowly, he followed. Oh no, I was thinking [†¦] There was a wildness in the air, unexpressed, and raw, and dangerous. † (p. 5 ll. 151-154). What the narrator experiences in this quote do not correspond with the environment that usually is in a museum. The narrator gets carried away with his/hers lively imaginations since the narrator has these associations.On the other hand, a 1st person narrator gives a subjective, detailed description of the characters. In this short story the narrator for instan ce sympathize with the elderly man but also thinks that it is repulsive that he looks so intensely after the French girl â€Å"The man next to me was staring hard at her(p. 3 ll. 51). Because of the detailed description of the characters, the reader does not need to think about the underlying information about them. But again, a 1st person narrator is unreliable which the reader needs to be attentive about.